[Linux] smartctl을 이용하여 하드디스크 진단

[root@localhost ~]# smartctl --all /dev/sda
smartctl version 5.38 [x86_64-redhat-linux-gnu] Copyright (C) 2002-8 Bruce Allen
Home page is http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net/

=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family:     Western Digital Caviar Second Generation Serial ATA family
Device Model:     WDC WD5000AAKS-00A7B2
Serial Number:    WD-WCASY7521049
Firmware Version: 01.03B01
User Capacity:    500,107,862,016 bytes
Device is:        In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is:   8
ATA Standard is:  Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is:    Wed Jun  1 19:55:45 2011 KST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled

=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED

General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status:  (0x84) Offline data collection activity
                                        was suspended by an interrupting command from host.
                                        Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status:      (   0) The previous self-test routine completed
                                        without error or no self-test has ever
                                        been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection:                 (11160) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities:                    (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
                                        Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
                                        Suspend Offline collection upon new
                                        command.
                                        Offline surface scan supported.
                                        Self-test supported.
                                        Conveyance Self-test supported.
                                        Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities:            (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
                                        power-saving mode.
                                        Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability:        (0x01) Error logging supported.
                                        General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time:        ( 131) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time:        (   5) minutes.
SCT capabilities:              (0x303f) SCT Status supported.
                                        SCT Feature Control supported.
                                        SCT Data Table supported.

SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME          FLAG     VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE      UPDATED  WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE

  1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate     0x002f   200   200   051    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  3 Spin_Up_Time            0x0027   163   162   021    Pre-fail  Always       -       4825
  4 Start_Stop_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       259
  5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct   0x0033   200   200   140    Pre-fail  Always       -       0
  7 Seek_Error_Rate         0x002e   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
  9 Power_On_Hours          0x0032   085   085   000    Old_age   Always       -       11533
 10 Spin_Retry_Count        0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
 11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
 12 Power_Cycle_Count       0x0032   100   100   000    Old_age   Always       -       254
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       237
193 Load_Cycle_Count        0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       259
194 Temperature_Celsius     0x0022   109   086   000    Old_age   Always       -       38
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
197 Current_Pending_Sector  0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable   0x0030   200   200   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count    0x0032   200   200   000    Old_age   Always       -       0
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate   0x0008   200   200   000    Old_age   Offline      -       0

SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged

SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged.  [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]

SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
 SPAN  MIN_LBA  MAX_LBA  CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
    1        0        0  Not_testing
    2        0        0  Not_testing
    3        0        0  Not_testing
    4        0        0  Not_testing
    5        0        0  Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
  After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.

 

붉은색 박스로 표시한 부분을 확인하면 됩니다.

빨간색 항목은 정상적인 Hard disk 라면 반드시 0을 가지고 있어야 하는 항목들이다.

 

Raw_Read_Error_Rate 디스크 표면이로부터 데이터를 읽는 과정에서 문제가 있을때 (주로 물리적인 충격으로 유발됨)

Spin_Up_Time 플레터 회전이 제로 rpm에서 최대 rpm에 도달하는데 걸리는 평균 시간

Start_Stop_Count 플레터가 회전하고 정지한 횟수

Reallocated_Sector_Ct 섹터에 문제가 생겨서 스페어영역의 섹터로 대체한 횟수

Seek_Error_Rate 탐색 오류율

Power_On_Hours 하드에 전원이 인가된 시간

Spin_Retry_Count 최대rpm에 도달하기위해서 회전을 시도하는 횟수 (정상이라면 1번에 끝나야한다)

Power_Cycle_Count 전원 on/off 횟수

Power-Off_Retract_Count 헤드가 플레터(디스크)에서 벗어나는 횟수 (간단하게 parking 위치로 이동한 횟수)

Load_Cycle_Count 헤드가 플레터위로 진입한 횟수

Temperature_Celsius 하드디스크 온도

Reallocated_Event_Count 스페어영역으로 대체된 섹터로 부터 데이터를 읽어간 횟수

hardware ecc recovered ECC 오류검출로 인하여 복구된 횟수

Current_Pending_Sector 불안정적인 섹터로 스페어영역 섹터로 remap을 준비중이거나 읽는 과정에 문제가 생긴 섹터 (준 배드섹터)

Offline_Uncorrectable 읽기/쓰기에 문제가 생긴 섹터, 즉 디스크 표면이 손상됨. (한마디로 배드섹터)

UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 하드디스크 인터페이스를 통해 데이타 전송과정에 발생한 CRC 오류 횟수

Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 섹터에 쓰기과정에 발생한 에러가 검출된 횟수